The systematic review process provides a structured method for identifying, evaluating, and synthesizing existing research on a specific educational question. Unlike a traditional literature review, it follows transparent procedures designed to reduce bias and strengthen the reliability of conclusions.
In educational research methods, systematic reviews help researchers assess evidence across studies, identify consistent findings, and recognize gaps requiring further investigation. A carefully conducted process can therefore support informed decisions in teaching, policy, and future research.
A systematic review process is a structured method for locating, evaluating, and synthesising research evidence related to a clearly defined question. In educational research, it can examine topics such as teaching strategies, assessment practices, or student outcomes.
The process begins with a focused research question and a documented protocol. Researchers establish eligibility criteria, databases, search terms, and methods for assessing study quality before examining the available evidence.
A comprehensive search is conducted across relevant academic databases and other credible sources. After duplicate records are removed, researchers screen titles, abstracts, and full texts against the predetermined criteria.
Eligible studies are assessed for methodological quality, and relevant data are extracted consistently. Findings may be combined through narrative synthesis or statistical meta-analysis, depending on the similarity and availability of the evidence. Transparent reporting allows readers to evaluate the reliability of the systematic review process.